Noise pollution can be defined as a persistent unwanted or not desired sounds excssively and often disturbing in our peaceful environment.
It is irritating contaminants are not physically particles but waves which interfere with the naturally occurring waves of a similar type in the same environment.
The word noise has been derived from Latin word "nausea " which literally means seasickness or sickness. It is measured in decibels
we basically categorised noise pollution into two types as:
Natural noise pollution : Thunderstorm, sound of running water in river, sounds during earthquake and volcanoes and of course tsunami and flood etc.
Sounds produced by rushing sounds because of cyclone and stroms. Also sounds produced by birds and wildlife .
Anthropological factors: man made which are discussed below :
Sources of noise pollution
There are various sources but common among them are as follows :
. Household sources -- eg: mixer and grinder, television, Fans,coolers,mobile phones etc.
.Social events -- eg:
Religious and political gatherings,marriges in either society, hotels and parties in pubs, bars and even in public place particularly . Now a days frequent use of DJ becomes common among people which has multidimensional consequences in adverse manner.
Even government have made laws in this regard in order to curb this kind of sychic actvities which affected vulnerable sections of society (children and old people), wildlife and aquatic animals .
. Commercial and industrial activities ---
there are varieties of works are running constantly along with different types of sounds and without producing sounds work cannot be done.
.Transportation --
In today commpicated situation where communication plays a vital role in Country's growth and also one of the highest noise pollutioncontributor world wide.
Kinds of noise pollution
. Continious
. Variable
.Intermittent
.Impulse or impact
Apart from this there are also other two types of noise pollution --
Chemical and instrumental
.Continious -- sounds produced remains constant and stable for a some time. eg: fans, motors etc.
Variable : sounds remains some time high pitch or low pitch for the same or different sources at a given period of time. eg:manufacturing and construction sites etc.
. Impulse noise : instantaneous sharp sounds like click and pop is produced. eg: Gun shots, electromagnetic interference, scratching on the recording disk, ill synchronization in digital recording, scratching a metallic object in steel utensils etc.
. Intermittent noise : sounds are produced remains sometimes noisy and sometimes quiet .eg: market places, shopping malls and various crowding places.
Factors in determining the irritation level of noise are as follows :
.Sound pressure i.e Intensity
.Frequency
.Duration of sounds
.Time of the day
.Location
.Intermittency
Consequences of noise pollution in human health :
1.Lack of concentration
2. Extreme Emotional behaviour particularly children
4. It leads to abortion of babies - many research papers have published in their journals and attributed noise pollution is also the one of the prime factor for abortion of babies because of they are not physically and mentally sound while observing in ultra-sounds machines and shaping scary biosphere for women whether their baby will live a healthy life or not .
5. It is obvious that blood Pressure remains high in noisy environment 6.Many studies have reveled that In many times it led to family fued and even breakage of relationship because noisy atmosphere has hijacked the mindset of people which they show negative thoughts and ill-will concerns for others.
7. It causes temporary,partial and permanent deafness if it will continue perpetually. According to WHO the maximum decibel sounds would be 55 decibels not affecting the any living creatures. If it would exceeds 100 decibels can hamper Tympanic membrane ( ear drum) i.e permanent deafness. Today we live in the ecosystem of modern industrialized, complicated urban life and congestion in which it is difficult for us to escape from this vicious cycle .
8. Sleep disturbances -- now a days people are taking sleeping pills and affected the most vulnerable sections of society Like child and old people
9. Noise pollution is same responsible for cardiovascular related disease as other factors.
10. Since mental health has now become dull due to noisey biosphere which turns into negative social behaviour and hypertension.
11. Annoyance and low levels of reactions is very common .
Effects on Animals
It not only affects human being but the entire biota is affected -
. It hampers the central nervous system of animals
. They become quite dangerous and attacking
. Death of certain species is also reported because they are not Robot but a living being . many research studies found that diversity of bird flies, butterfly and even also honey bees are on the verse of critically endangered species, so we have atleast compassion to let them live
. For eg bats often use ultrasound waves for propagation and locating prey as a source food , if noise is created then, it tends to increase time and less efficient.
. Now due to shrinking diversities which led to genetic and evolutionary problems
Effects on vegetation and monumental buildings
. poor quality of crops is produced as output as compared to input
.wilting of leaves which often causes death of even large trees.
. fruit bearing trees is less productive
. Many buildings have become shambles and one of reason for their ruin is noise pollution, they caused cracks in large building by persistent sounding vibration which sooner and later collapsed with the course of time.
Effects on Aquatic animals
Recent study published that anthropologenic created noise hinder inter and intra specific communication because many aquatic animals use their signal for communication with other groups , locating prey as food, searches for path but now large ship use " sonar rays" for mesurement of deapth which increases their time for their work and create less productive.
Human ill-will created noise problems
. Now people become careless about surroundings while playing music, concerts shows, DJ sounds during social events like religious ceremonies, marriages,parties etc. all these may be pleasant moment for hosting groups but it may be irritating for others.
. People are garrulous and talk loudly in cacophonious sound which tend the people away.
.people are enjoying party with Bass music sound during whole night which is illegal.
.fanatic people used to instigate others by constant use of loud speaker .
By and large only vulnerable section of society like child and old people bear the burnt of their noisy activities.
Remedy or solution of noise pollution
.control at source : we can control and reduce the intensity of noise from where it is originated. For eg : using less sound producing equipments, electrical appliances like mixer grinder, fans, AC, cooler etc. at house and surrounding level. Also sound absorber fitter at the source.
. Control in the transmission path.for instance : sound can be used as coded form from One machine as sender to another as receiver without producing noise
. Using less sound producing defence equipment such as Air crafts, Rockets, missiles and grenade or bullet guns etc.
. Stop unnecessary honking and blowing horns by vehicles during traffic jam.
. Demotivate and spread awareness against using firecrackers during festive season particularly deepawali in India, for this there are various bodies are working in controlling such as National pollution control board (NPCB), National green tribunal (NGT) and various NGOs as awaaz foundation etc.
. National pollution control board has set certain standards and permissible criteria for sound intesity in india as follows
For residential - 50 decibels
For commercial zone - 60 decibels
For industrial - 75 decibels
For traffic - less than 75 decibels
For construction site - also less than 75 decibels
If we can't stop the noise pollution but we can reduce it at a certain intensity by applying Noise control techniques as follows :
. Sound insulation : at household level we can reduce it by making walls more reflective in nature of sound which make us to hear it more smoothly .
. Sound Absorption : the inner and outer walls shall be made in such a manner which is more absorbtive which reduces the noise pollution by coming and going outside.
. Public education and Awareness : we can spread awareness by constant efforts of debates on noise pollution and how can we control over it . Also dedicated chapter on noise pollution will give desired results from teachers-students interactions and newspaper, nukkad natak, social media platforms etc. be used in efficient manner for promoting more and less informative.
Know your rights about noise pollution :
government of India has made stringent laws in some cases :
1. Sound producing construction materials can't be used during night time in silence zone residential areas.
2. Crackers bombs produce booming voice which can't be allowed during night time because violant booming sounds give traumatic shock.
. No horns can be used unnecessary at night in silence locality except during emergency time.
. DJ sounds can't be allowed after 10 pm and before 6 am.
. For craze youth are using cracking silencer and honking horns which creates chaotic situation while driving and may lead to accidents and grave injuries.
. No any kind of noise is allowed in the vicinity of hospitals, colleges, universities etc.
If any of rights related to peaceful coexistence is violated by factors as mentioned above you can approach either noise creators to stop or dial 100 number 24X7 available if they will not agree with your advice.
We are here in this beautiful earth to spread love and not spread poison so in hindi want to urge you that "isse dewali eco-friendlly wali "